Advancement in Technology Shapes the Lives of Children and...

Technology has continued to shape the world we live from as long as man was living on Earth until present day. Many of us have seen drastic technological changes in our lives over merely a few decades, or even a couple of years, which have aided us in improving the condition in which humans live. However, technology appears to have advanced so quickly that, as humans, we are unable to stay updated on the latest trends. In the 21st century, technology shapes the lives of numerous adults, but as well as their children. While once the fad being to play outside with friends and riding bikes, children and teens today have been caught up with a variety of social media sites and devices that help to locate them. â€Å"By 2010, two-thirds of children†¦show more content†¦Collins, like many other parents of the children of the â€Å"touch-screen generation†, is slightly embarrassed of her reliance on technology to make her job easier (Allday). She worries that even the small amounts of â€Å"screen time† that she provides the children may have negative effects on their developing brain. Collins and her husband are just one example of parents in the 21st century who have become dependent on technology for their children’s enjoyment and their less stressful lives. According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, it recommends no â€Å"screen time†, from television to smartphones, for ages two and under, and less than two hours a day for children older than two until they are teenagers. The impact of rapidly advancing technology on the developing child has caused an increase of physical, psychological, and behavioral disorders that health and education systems are just beginning to detect and understand. Children have a variety of factors necessary to achieve healthy child development, which includes â€Å"movement, touch, human connection, and exposure to nature,† as specified by pediatric occupational therapist, Cris Rowan. Pa rents rather than hugging, playing, rough housing, and conversing with children, are increasingly resorting to supplying their children with more technological devices, creating drifts from relationships and minds ofShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Computers On Children s Early Childhood Education Essay1737 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s world it is nearly impossible to keep up without technology. Computers especially, are needed in most American’s everyday lives. So why would early childhood education be any different? From the beginning stages, there has always been a debate of whether computers have a positive or negative impact on children, young children especially. As computers have intergraded themselves into many children’s lives and their education, the debate is even more prominent. Supporters of computer useRead MoreHarassment And Bullying On Social Media1568 Words   |  7 Pagesothers to get what they want, which has not changed as humans have evol ved (Donegan, 2012, p.34). The aspect of competition occurs in many aspects of our life including in our education, social and economic systems. In the U.S., capitalistic society, we live in it pushes the idea that to be considered successful, people need to obtain wealth. This idea has caused bullying to be unintentionally installed as a survival necessity for many at a young age (Donegan, 2012, p.34). Bullying can be defined as theRead MoreInquiring Into The Social Assignment1586 Words   |  7 Pages Inquiring into the social – Assignment 1 Draft Summary In today’s modern society there have been numerous advances in the way we live our day to day lives. These advancements have not only changed the way we operate but have inadvertently shaped our younger generation into a more hybrid form. Gambling has always been seen as a chance to win more money at the expense of one’s wallet. Yet it is often that individuals are prone to losing more rather than gaining, which has affected many by sendingRead MoreImpact of New Technology on Graphic Design1505 Words   |  7 Pagesalso has an impact on the lives of various groups of people including children, teens, and young adults. Technology progresses rapidly every year. The advancement of technology is in awe because ofthe new and increasing amount of inventions, including mobile devices and social media websites. Most young adults are kept up-to-date with the amount of usage of social media websites with the help of smart phones and other mobile devices. Social media influences young adults to connect with societyRead MoreTechnology Friend Or Foe?1280 Words   |  6 PagesDecember 2, 2014 Technology—Friend or Foe? Over time, technology has evolved in ways that people living 50 years ago would have never imagined in their wildest dreams. There have been countless technological advancements that have changed peoples’ lives and the way that society functions. It is difficult to even picture a world without technology. Many of us have our entire lives saved on our phone or computer. Our lives have become so dependent on it that the use of such technology comes naturallyRead MoreFamily as a Primary Agent741 Words   |  3 Pagesprimary agent. This is the first social group that shapes the personality of an individual. Due to the vastly different structures in family and child raising practices, there is no universal influence on the individual. What values do families instill? Values are instilled for children such as love, guidance, care, motivation, morals, religion, education, traditions, marriage, consequences, and communication. These values are intended to teach children and as a source of guidance for life. The way aRead MoreAdult Students Learn Differently Than Children1194 Words   |  5 PagesAdult students learn differently than children. While children have to ability to absorb information, adults have so many responsibilities going on that may distract and slow down the learning process. Children are open-minded and less encumbered by life’s daily activities such as; family, friends, social obligations, and past experiences. Past experiences may impact the way an adult thinks, acts, and processes information. As adults grow older the aging process may slow down learning (elearningindustryRead MorePositive And Negative Effects Of The Media1364 Words   |  6 Pagesspreading information, and allowing for communication. The abundance o f technology such as cell phones, tablets, computers, and television has made the world much more connected than ever. Consequently, more and more Americans are becoming dependent on such devices that make daily tasks easier. Through these connections, the media is able to implement itself into everyday lives, and although these advancements improve peoples lives, there are aspects that are negative. The media tends to be enjoyedRead MoreThe Importance Of Technology839 Words   |  4 Pagesbeginning of time. We went from using rocks and other objects to create tools that would ensure our survival to producing technologies unimaginable to the human mind. It’s apparent that things are a lot different than they were hundreds of thousands of years ago. Technology is essential to the lives of today’s modern Americans. Because of this, we’ve become so dependent on technology that it controls our day-to-day activities. Try standing still in an open public area and obs erve what’s going on. EveryoneRead MoreElementary Secondary Education Act Of 1965 And Its Versions No Child Left Behind Act1488 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant aspects of socio-economic group mobilization and social elevation in the United States. Operating under a human capital ideology education in the U.S. is a means to provide education to individuals in an effort for continued economic advancement for our nation. However, as times change education fails to completely change with it. Secondary education is no longer seen as a means to earning financial stability. Primary education encompasses complexity of issues that still remain to be addressed

Gender Roles Of Video Games Implications For Gender...

Yvonne Lu 1412378 SOCIOL 1A06 - TUTORIAL #24 10/20/2014 Sociology 1A06 Assignment Part B Article 1: Dietz, Tracy L. (1998). An examination of violence and gender role portrayals in video games: Implications for gender socialization and aggressive behavior. Sex Roles, 38(5/6), 425-442). This study researches the potential effects on children by the use of gender representations and violence within popular video games. Outlined by the study of symbolic interactionism, the research questions the line between the representation of males and females, as well as how prominent violent topics are in games. These themes combined are used in order to hypothesize possible implications on young boys and girls. The findings concluded that female representation in popular games of the time were strongly based on stereotype. Of the few games that contained women, a small fraction were leads while others were found to be standing behind males, as well as being depicted wearing stereotypically feminine colours, princess dresses, or very revealing clothing. Women were commonly portrayed as victims, â€Å"Damsels in distress† (Dietz 1998), or evil obstacles to protagonists. Violence and aggression in general and towards others were also noted in the research. A significant portion of this were classified as violence towards female characters. The research suggests that these implications of gender roles and violence could be detrimental towards girls and boys, as they may accept what they seeShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Video Games On Gender Socialization And Aggressive Behavior By Tracy L. Dietz1534 Words   |  7 PagesOver time video games have drastically changed its contents and t hrough the use of media it has become very popular among the people of all ages. The article, â€Å"An Examination of Violence and Gender Role Portrayals in Video Games: Implications for Gender Socialization and Aggressive Behavior† by Tracy L. Dietz portrays the impact of video-games in gender roles in our society. Through the usage of samples in the experiment shows that the video games tend to have more male characters rather than femaleRead MoreHow Societ Influences Gender Identity3802 Words   |  16 Pagessociety attempts to communicate the gender norms to children and adolescents through various mechanisms. Acculturated gender roles have a significant influence on the way parents rear children, which impacts the way the children view themselves. A conflict between the external societal role assigned to an adolescent based on biological gender and the internal gender identity formed by the adolescent can have negative consequences for psychological health. Gender identity involves the fundamental senseRead MoreA Case Study on the Effects of Playing Dota6523 Words   |  27 Pagesand even some young professional are addicted to Defense of the Ancients or DotA. This is a kind of computer games that can be played by many players and is one of the most popular games to young students. Many students get addicted to this game and they even long hours inside the computer shop just playing this kind of game. There are studies that getting addicted in playing computer games affects their studies and this is the cause why they are lying to their parents that they need extra money forRead MoreA Case Study on the Effects of Playing Dota6511 Words   |  27 Pagesand even some young professional are addicted to Defense of the Ancients or DotA. This is a kind of computer games that can be played by many players and is one of the most popular games to young students. Many students get addicted to this game and they even long hours inside the compu ter shop just playing this kind of game. There are studies that getting addicted in playing computer games affects their studies and this is the cause why they are lying to their parents that they need extra money forRead MoreEssay on Violent Video Games1848 Words   |  8 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Playing video games does not cause violent behavior. Don’t get me wrong, some video games show horrific acts of violence. â€Å"A recent survey found that 92 percent of U.S. kids--ages 2 to 17--play video games, and their parents bought 225 million of them last year to the tune of $6.4 billion.† (Sider 79).What’s here to argue is that violent video games do not cause violence among children, but the blame for violence should be on the individual and people who should have taught the individualRead MoreEssay on The Media Violence Debate3490 Words   |  14 PagesTHE MEDIA VIOLENCE DEBATE Introduction Television and video games are favorite ways teenagers spend their leisure hours. Parents and teens themselves have wondered about their effects because of numerous concerns raised with regards to the negative influences that these form of entertainment bring. 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The popularity of video and computer games has grown exponentially in recent years, yet empirical research is still relatively limited when compared to the study of other media.[1] In 1982, the U.S. Surgeon General lamented the lack of such evidence (SelnowRead MoreEssay about Equal Gender Representation in The Gaming Franchise2431 Words   |  10 PagesEqual Gender Representation in The Gaming Franchise This paper tries to express how sexism/chauvinism ideas have infected the virtual-world of video games, and resulted in a male dominated video-gaming industry. Now, being that 49% of U.S. households own a dedicated gaming console (E.S.A. 2012), it is imperative that we address this issue. Gender disparity in the gaming business is exceedingly one-sided. Female employees constitute less than 10% of the gaming industry, and even though that shortcomingRead MoreGaming: Is it really that harmful? Essay2505 Words   |  11 Pagespeople who make up this virtual world are called gamers. They play games ranging from many different genres like First Person Shooter, Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing, and Real Time Strategy. People of all ages enjoy these types of games and spend the majority of their day being online. Video games should not be banned because they improve and build fundamental skills such as hand-eye coordination, problem solving, socialization skills and following d irections precisely. Despite all of the benefitsRead MoreThe Core Elements of Person-Centered Counseling3549 Words   |  14 Pagescounseling in the day and age of digital manipulation and engagement? What does it mean when gaming addictions are a leader on the scoreboard of issues of concern to many young people? And if there can be an equivalent contemporary model, what are the implications of this for the use of the kinds of therapeutic interventions that are likely to be the best for dealing with problem computer usage? This paper provides a brief overview of the three core elements of the PCC model and then seeks to explore how

Divorce and American Culture Free Essays

Culture surrounds us everywhere we go. It reflects the people of the times and when it changes, so do the very people it reflects. A general definition would say that culture, related to society, is a set of norms that govern behavior. We will write a custom essay sample on Divorce and American Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Within this set of norms the people of a society do certain rituals and behaviors to fit in with the world around them. Different trends rule the times. Whether it be anti-war protests, to civil rights movements, to legalization of same sex civil unions and even divorce-the people of the times roll with many different ideas and tendencies. The idea of marriage is an old and sacred one. In the Bible, a marriage is seen a holy sacrament between a man and woman that leads to the raising of a family. There is one man and one-woman involved- then with the addition of the holy spirit, the union is supposed to be ever lasting. â€Å"Christian marriage is a sacrament (sacred act approved by God). As a result marriage was very difficult to end, and before the nineteenth century usually ended with death,† (Chan and Haplin, 2001). In the world today, marriage is interpreted in many different ways. Very rarely is it seen as an everlasting contract that can withstand all tests. The revolutions of the 60s, 70s, up through today have severely changed the way people think of marriage. The drug culture has helped redefine the meaning of peace and love and of course, holy unions. People today do not get married out of the idea of love. If they do, it is most often between two young and naive children or young adults that believe that love can conquer all. â€Å"People expect too much from specialized love marriages, and when the love goes so might the marriage. Other cultures unite families through arranged marriages, and these social functions may make them more stable,† (Chan and Haplin, 2001). People have begun to take advantage of the system and get married because of benefits they can receive. For the military couple, extra cash is a big incentive as well as extra leave time. A lot of times the benefits outweigh the costs and people today go into marriages knowing that it will be just as easy to exit the marriage. For a marriage to end, there needs to be either a death or a cause for divorce. Grounds for divorce include; a cheating spouse, an abusive partner, and mishandling of funds. Every so often though, there is no direct cause, but instead the couples just are not compatible. The constant fighting and disagreements make it difficult to raise a family and have a stable home. As society grows and culture changes, divorce still remains. In the early parts of the 20th century, divorce was a taboo idea that meant that you ultimately failed as a wife or husband. People viewed it as the easy way out and very rarely did they agree with it. In the 1950s, divorce was only 5 per 1000 women, as opposed to the rate of 20 per every 1000 women in the early 21st century (Relationships, 2008). The times influenced peoples decisions and instead of doing what might have been best for all the parties involved, couples stayed together so that they would not be viewed as such a failure to their friends, family and children. Culture put the message out to society that a divorce is an end all be all decision that means that you have failed. Of course, logically that is not true. Occasionally things do not go according to plan and you have to change your idea of the future accordingly. The idea of being a failure comes from the society that surrounds the couple. As the times began to change, so did the overall idea of separation and divorce. The more married couples got divorced, the more casual the idea has become. When a couple divorces and they have children, the children see the process and although it might hurt them tremendously, it also makes them learn and see things. As they see the process, the idea becomes to seem â€Å"normal† to them. According to a recent journal article, â€Å"growing-up in a divorced family can instill offspring with less unfavorable attitudes towards divorce (Greenberg and Nay 1982, Amato 1988, Trent and South 1989, Axinn and Thornton 1996, Kapinus 2004 as cited by Hiller and Recoules 2011). Sometimes the children involved begin to think that this is a normal thing that happens and makes it easier to do themselves. This could explain the rising divorce rates today. On the other hand, often times when a child witnesses the struggles of divorce, they are sometimes more reluctant to get a divorce themselves (Hiller and Recoules, 2011). The inevitable hurt and suffering from witnessing countless hours of parental figures fighting, getting sometimes physical, and the mental and emotional strains that the fighting causes sends some children into a downwards spiral. Their whole attitude on love in general is questioned. And from first hand experience, the sanctity of marriage itself is questioned. An idea that some children used to find so uplifting and amazing, now seems bleak and not worth it. If the two people I love the most in the whole world cannot seem to get along, and cannot make it work, then what are the chances that my marriage will fail? What is the point in even trying? Is love just another silly Disney ideation that really cannot exist in our world today? â€Å"American society may have erased the stigma that once accompanied divorce, but it can no longer ignore divorce’s massive effects† (Fagan and Rector, 2000). Married couples do not always understand that their fighting and arguments are a lot bigger than just the two of them. It reaches out and branches down to all the people they know. Subsequent relationships between children and their partners become affected. Sometimes girls go crazy and give up on the concept of love and become promiscuous at a young age. They eventually fall into a routine and thanks to the invention of birth control, have no qualms and avoid the pregnancy scare that might have once deterred them otherwise. Boys may become rude and hostile towards their partners and begin to treat their ladies badly in response to how they see their fathers treat their mothers. Coworkers, neighbors, children, friends, everyone is affected. Some articles claim that the divorce rates among young adults today are lower than that of the past. This might be true, but this does not take into account the idea of young relationships failing. Couples that never got married, but might have had children at a young age with no intention of getting married and consequently leading to a single parent and broken home anyways. There was no sacrament done, but the damage still is the same. Repeatedly it is seen that parents will reluctantly â€Å"stay together† for the kids. This is a great idea on paper. It would seem that if the parents were to stay together, that the children would not suffer from the emotional and psychological damage done to a child because of a divorce. What is often overlooked is the fact that if parents stay together, and clearly are not compatible and cannot communicate like adults and actually raise the children, then the child will most likely suffer just as much or even more so than the child with divorced parents. Often times negative traits are learned from the parents during times of arguments that will debilitate the growth of the child. Negative traits would include, harsh tempers, awful communication skill development, and negative views of either parent based on the idea that parents will most likely isolate the children and try to get each on â€Å"their side. The strain of choosing between the two parents puts many over the edge. Children will sometimes develop different drinking or substance abuse problems in order to deal with the problems that they are facing at home leading to failing or dropping out of school, unwanted pregnancies, and even dangerous automobile accidents. â€Å"†Don’t stay together just for the sake of the children. † â€Å"If divorce is better for you, it will be better for your kids. † (Spohn, n. d. ) As the times are continually changing, so do the basic ideas that fuel society as a whole. Divorce rates will rise and fall with the times depending on society and culture. It is a trend that cannot be predicted and cannot be ignored. The overall effect of divorce is an everlasting one and before any decision is made about either marriage or divorce, all the options and pros and cons should always be weighed. Reference: Hughes, R. (2008, August 20). What is the current divorce rate in the United States? Has the divorce rate changed much over the past 5 to 10 years?. MissouriFamilies. org Home. Retrieved July 20, 2011, from http://missourifamilies. org/quick/divorceqa/divorceqa3. tm Fagan, P. , ; Rector, R. (n. d. ). World and I Magazine – The Effects of Divorce in America. Online Magazine: The World ; I Online Magazine. Retrieved July 20, 2011, from http://www. worldandi. com/specialreport/divorce/divorce. html Sociology of Divorce (GCSE). (n. d. ). The Adrian Worsfold Website. Retrieved July 20, 2011, from http://www. change. freeuk. com/learning/socthink/divorcesi mpler. html Spohn, W. C. (n. d. ). The American Myth of Divorce. Santa Clara University – Welcome. Retrieved July 16, 2011, from http://www. scu. edu/ethics/publications/iie/v9n2/divorce. html How to cite Divorce and American Culture, Papers

Reed Hashtags - Guidelines from Pure Software to Netflix

Question : 1. Analyse the following questions based on the case scenario. You need to present andEVALUATE the facts and explore the hidden leadership principles behind these facts.o How did Hastings change his use of communications in sending and receivingmessages from Pure Software to Netflix?o How did Hastings change his use of feedback from Pure Software to Netflix?o How did Hastings change his use of coaching guidelines from Pure Software toNetflix?o Which conflict management style did Hastings tend to use at Pure and Netflix?o In making a deal with Epix, which conflict management style was most likely used byNetflix?2. How would you improve Netflixs product offerings (i.e., what things cant you watch that youwould like to watch) or processes (i.e., how can it improve its delivery or service)?3. Which level or levels of analysis and leadership paradigm are presented in this case, and didHastings use the management or leadership paradigm?4. How did Hastings Big Five model of personality lead ership traits change from Pure Softwareto Netflix?5. Which University of Iowa leadership styles did Hastings use at Pure Software and Netflix?6. Explain how power, organizational politics, networking, and negotiation are, or are not,discussed in the case. Answer : Executive Summary There are a number of organisations in the current societies around the world operating in various industries, which have their business model set up around a number of organisational goals and objectives. Most of these organisational goals and objectives require the organisations to have more sales and profits than the other organisations in the same industry. This forces each of these organisations to have an effective and efficient strategy placed along with the business model to maximise sales by having competitive advantages over the other organisations in the same industry. The case study of Netflix allows understanding and analysing such strategies designed and implemented by Reed Hastings to maximise the sales and profits along with the leadership styles (Smith, 2011). Introduction The battle for the competitive advantages in the various industries in the world is getting fiercer day by day. This is causing the organisations to have various types of business strategies included in the respective business models. These business strategies of the organisations focus on various aspects of the business operations of the organisations, which in turn lead to increase in the sales of the products and services sold by the corresponding organisation. The increase in the sales of the various products and services of the organisations also allows the organisation to have a stronger consumer base along with stronger brand image (Gallaugher, 2008). The stronger brand image also allows the organisations in the various industries to make the people in the societies to have more confidence and trust in the products and services of the organisation. This also leads to the increase in the repeat purchase of the products and services of the organisation. In this report we will an alyse the various business strategies implemented by Reed Hastings in the workplaces of Netflix and Pure Software (Jeyakumar, 2014). The report also focuses on the various leadership styles and strategies used by Reed Hastings in the workplace of Netflix to allow the organisation to reach the successful stage that it holds now in the market. The provided case study, allows us to analyse and understand the entire journey of Reed Hastings from founding Pure Software to making Netflix one of the biggest success in the market (Vance, 2013). (1) Hidden leadership principles This section of the report focuses on the various leadership principles hidden behind the various facts provided in the case study regarding the success of Netflix in the market. Change in use of communications We could see a clear change in the use of the communications by Reed Hastings in Netflixs workplace in comparison to the workplace of Pure Software. Hastings used to have a strict exterior in the workplace of Pure Software which caused him to communicate with the employees in the workplace in a rude manner (Keller, 2011). The communication style used by Reed Hastings to send and receive messages with the employees in the organisation included a bit of an informal way of communication. Reed used to react to the opinions of the employees of the organisation in a rude and insulting way. Moreover most of the times, Reed Hastings was very ignorant of the opinions and knowledge of the employees in the workplace. The autocratic and authoritative leadership styles followed by Reed Hastings in the workplace of Pure Software caused him to exclude the employees by not receiving them for any of the business decisions in the business model of the organisation. Reed Hastings also used to reply to a number of communications of the employees by the usage of non-verbal gestures. IN the workplace of Netflix, Reed changed his style of leadership to democratic which included him listening to all the opinions of the employees carefully. Reed started including the employees in the business decisions by being polite and careful in his communications with them. Reed ensured in the workplace of Netflix that the communications with the employees are not insulting to them (Hastings, 2012). Change in use of feedback In Pure Software, Reed Hastings wasnt open to any kind of feedback or opinion from any of the employees. The leadership style followed by him didnt include any of the employees in the major business decisions (Hunter, 2013). Reed never gave value to the opinions of any of the employees in any of the business decisions. In the workplace of Pure Software, Reed Hastings was also given the nickname of Animal by the employees, due to his hot headed nature in the workplace. Reed Hastings was never concerned about any of the feedbacks from the employees, clients or the shareholders. Some of the times in the workplace of Pure Software, Reed used to reply to the feedbacks of the employees with insulting gestures. In the workplace of Netflix, Reed Hastings tried to change his way of carryout the responsibilities of a leader (Lussier, 2012). Hastings changed his way of receiving the feedbacks in the workplace of Netflix, which allowed him to receive the feedbacks and opinions of the employees w ith open mind. Hastings started providing values to the feedback of the employees regarding any of the business processes and business decisions. Hastings started to realise that the feedback of the employees, customers and shareholders are actually the key to a successful business. Hastings started including the employees in the various business decisions for their opinions and feedbacks. Hastings also started giving proper values to the various ideas put forward by the employees in the workplace of Netflix (Grinapol, 2013). Change in use of coaching guidelines The case study allows us to clearly differentiate the coaching guidelines used by Hastings in the workplace of Pure Software and Netflix. In the workplace of Pure Software, Hastings followed an autocratic leadership style which included him playing the role of a strict leader. In the workplace of Pure Software, Hastings never included the employees in the workplace in any of the major business decisions. Hastings ensured that the employees of the workplace in the Pure Software had to follow rules and regulations of the organisation for all of their learning and development activities according to the business model (Healy, 2010). The coaching guidelines in the workplace of the Pure Software allowed the employees to follow the guidelines strictly as set by the organisation. The coaching guidelines of Netflix allowed the employees to have a flexible and comfortable schedule which allowed them to complete the various training and development activities according to their convenience (Ro thaermel, 2013). The coaching guidelines implemented in the workplace of Netflix by Reed Hastings involved effective and efficient guidelines to allow the employees to have enough time organised in an efficient manner which allows them to complete the various responsibilities along with the training and development activities. The coaching guidelines in the workplace of Netflix allow the employees to have full control over the various training and development activities. The leadership style of Reed Hastings allowed the employees of Netflix to have a better insight into the business model of the organisation due to the effective and efficient coaching guidelines (Licata, 2014). Conflict management style The conflict management style is the strategy in the organisations, which allows the management and leaders to manage the various situations escalated due to the difference in opinions between the employees. The leadership style followed by Reed Hastings in Pure Software and Netflix had different conflict management styles, which allowed him to manage the various adverse situations in different ways (Leonhardt, 2007). The conflict management technique followed by Hastings in the workplace of the Pure Software included activities of confrontation, rejection and insults to the employees of the organisation. This style of conflict management allowed Hastings to have the upper hand in any of the conflicts in the workplace, which in turn allowed him to resolve the conflicts in a forceful manner. This also caused the employees to be dissatisfied due to the decisions and opinions forced on them by the leadership (Shin, 2009). In Netflix, Hastings tried to follow a different style of conflic t management which allowed the employees to put their opinions and explanations in the open before Hastings took any kind of decisions regarding the resolution of the conflicts in the workplace. This allowed Hastings to gain popularity in a positive manner in the workplace of Netflix (Sauer, 2005). Conflict management in the deal with Epix Epix used to have the access to the media content of some of the biggest studios in the world such as Lions Gate, Paramount and MGM. Reed Hastings struck a deal with Epix to be able to provide the customers of Netflix with all the exclusive media contents from any of the three large studios. Hastings envisioned the deal with Epix to increase the business of Netflix to a new height due to the popularity of the exclusive contents provided by the various product offerings of Netflix. Some of the most important goals and objectives of the organisation along with the vision of a successful Netflix were dependent on this deal with Epix. This caused Reed Hastings to follow the collaborative style of conflict management. Reed Hastings ensured that any conflict between both the organisations is resolved in an effective and efficient manner which allowed both the organisations to be benefitted by the resolution of the conflict. Sometimes Hastings also preferred to follow the compromising style of conflict management to avoid any kind of the adverse situations for the business operations of Netflix in terms of the deal with Epix (McCord, 2014). (2) Changes in Netflixs product offerings The product offerings of Netflix can also include some new changes which allow the organisation to have better demand in the market. Netflix should include the coverage of the various live events around the world, which allows the customers to enjoy them through the services of Netflix. The products of Netflix should also include the various features of customisation which allows the customers to have proper control over the content on their televisions. The product offerings of the Netflix should also include the various denominations of the packages which allow the customers to have a wide range of packages and varieties through the subscription from Netflix (DuBrin, 2013). (3) Leadership paradigm presented in the case The various leadership paradigm used by Hastings in the workplaces of Pure Software and Netflix can clearly be differentiated based on the value provided to the opinions and ideas of the employees in the workplace. In the workplace of Pure Software, Reed Hastings followed the autocratic style of leadership in which he ignored the opinions and ideas of the employees working in various business functions of the organisation. Hastings used to force his decisions and ideas on the employees working in the Pure Software, which in turn caused the employees to be unsatisfied of the working conditions in the workplace of Pure Software. But in case of the workplace of Netflix, Hastings tried to maintain a situation of healthy and positive relations among the employees working in the various business functions. It can be concluded from the case study that the leadership paradigm implemented by Hastings in the workplace of Netflix was the paternalistic leadership paradigm, in which he ensures th at the ideas and opinions of the employees of the organisation are listened to carefully and being acted upon depending on its effectiveness. In the leadership paradigm used in the workplace of Netflix, Hastings also tries to have a close relationship with the employees working in the various business functions by including them in some of the major business decisions associated with the business model of the organisation. (4) Big five model of personality There is a number of personality models used to define and analyse the personality traits of the individuals in the workplace of an organisation. The big five model of personality is such a modelling tool which is used in the various organisations to observe, analyse and understand the characteristics of an individuals in different situations. We will discuss the changes in the personality of Hastings from the workplace of Pure Software to Netflix based on these factors included in the Big Five model (Lsted, 2012). Agreeableness This factor suggests the limit up to which an individual tries to cope up with the situation in the workplace in terms of behaving in a good way with the other employees. This value of this factor for Hastings was low in the workplace of Pure Software in comparison to Netflix (Lohr, 2009). Conscientiousness This factor suggests the behaviour of an individual in terms of being organised and determined to achieve a set of objectives. Hastings had similar value for this factor in both the organisations. Extraversion This factor suggests the capacity of an individual to be sociable and friendly in the workplace. The value of this factor for Hastings was low in the workplace of Pure Software and high in the workplace of Netflix (Guzman, 2011). Intellect This factor suggests the intellectual property held by the individual allowing him or her to have creative and innovative solutions. This factor had similar values for Hastings in the workplaces of both Pure Software and Netflix (Doughty, 2013). Emotional stability This factor suggests the capability of an individual to control and manage his or her emotions, which had greater values for Hastings in the workplace of Netflix in comparison to Pure Software (Copeland, 2010). (5) Leadership styles The University of Iowa defines two types of leadership styles which suggest the leader to follow two completely different paths to lead the employees working in various business functions. These leadership styles defined by the University of Iowa are autocratic leadership style, in which the leader forces his or her decisions on the employees and democratic leadership styles, in which the leader gives a lot of values to the opinions and ideas of the employees in the workplace. The case study covers both the types of leadership styles by mentioning the autocratic leadership styles followed by Hastings in Pure Software and the democratic leadership style followed in Netflix (Biba, 2006). (6) Analysis of politics, networking, power and negotiation The case study mentions various kinds of distribution of power in terms of the workplace condition of Pure Software having power concentrated in one place and workplace condition of Netflix having power distributed across the business (Davidoff, 2012). The case study also mentioned some of the organisational politics used in the situations of Pure Software and Netflix, which allows the management to handle the various situations associated with the various business functions. The case study also mentioned the effects of networking and negotiation on the business operations in terms of the deal of Netflix with Epix (Stone, 2004). Conclusion The case study of the journey of Reed Hastings from Pure Software to Netflix allowed us to understand the various types of leadership styles used in the workplaces of the organisations. The case study also allowed us to clearly understand the flow of power through the workplaces of the organisations. The analysis also allows us to understand the reason behind the success of Netflix being the usage of democratic leadership style by Reed Hastings in the workplace (Arango, 2010). Recommendations The major recommendations for the implementation of a leadership style are to treat each and every employee in the workplace equally and maintaining close and positive relationships with them, which in turn allows the employees to help each other in various tasks and activities (DuBrin, 2013). The employees in the workplace should be involved in the various business decisions, which in turn allow them to have better insight into the business and the vision of the founder (Bach, 2013). References Arango, T., Carr, D. 2010. Netflixs Move onto the Web Stirs Rivalries. The New York Times, A1. Bach, S. B. 2013. MBA 501 Advanced Strategic Management ( Leadership) Sacramento State University Spring 2013. Biba, E. 2006. Netflix Presents. Copeland, M. V. 2010. Reed Hastings: leader of the pack. Fortune (December 6). Davidoff, S. 2012. In Netflix Case, A Chance to Re-Examine Old Rules. NY Times. Doughty, M. 2013. Strategic Management and Organizational Culture: How Netflix Survived Disaster. DuBrin, A. J. 2013. Principles of leadership. South-Western Cengage Learning. Gallaugher, J. 2008. Netflix Case Study: David Becomes Goliath. Gallaugher. com, 9. Grinapol, C. 2013. Reed Hastings and Netflix. The Rosen Publishing Group. Guzman, E. 2011. Netflix split births Qwikster and PS3, Xbox 360, and Wii game rentals. Hastings, R. 2012. The Official Netflix Blog: US Canada: An Explanation and Some Reflections. Blog. netflix. com. Retrieved, 06-14. Healy, C. 2010. Netflix in an academic library: a personal case study. Library Trends, 58(3), 402-411. Hunter, S. T., Cushenbery, L., Ginther, N., Fairchild, J. 2013. 4 Leadership, Innovation, and Technology. Creativity and Leadership in Science, Technology, and Innovation, 81. Jeyakumar, N. 2014. Netflix-Loyal Customer Base. Keller, M. 2011. Netflix: a strategic analysis (Doctoral dissertation). Leonhardt, D. 2007. You want innovation? Offer a prize. The New York Times, C1. Licata, B., Lowry, E., Tallan, T. 2014. Leadership Analysis of the Streaming Video Industry. Lohr, S. 2009. Netflix awards $1 million prize and starts a new contest. New York Times, 21. Lsted, M. A. 2012. Netflix: The Company and Its Founders EBook. ABDO. Lussier, R., Achua, C. 2012. Leadership: Theory, application, skill development. Cengage Learning. McCord, P. 2014. How Netflix Reinvented HR. Harvard Business Review, 1. Rothaermel, F. T. 2013. Strategic Management: Concepts. McGraw-Hill Irwin. Sauer, P. 2005. How i did it: Reed hastings, netflix. Retrieved July, 23, 2011. Shin, W. 2009. Netflix (Case). Harvard Business School. Smith, E. T. H. A. N. 2011. Netflix CEO unbowed. Wall Street Journal. Stone, B. I. 2004. Want a Movie! Now. Newsweek Magazine. Vance, A. 2013. Netflix, Reed Hastings Survive Missteps to Join Silicon Valley's Elite. Bloomberg Businessweek.

PricewaterhouseCoopers

Introduction Stakeholders take pride in working with or for PWC because it an internationally recognized firm. It is a Big-4 member of consultancy and accountancy firms around the world. Partners know that belonging to such a strong brand name will offer them security of tenure and tangible benefits.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on PricewaterhouseCoopers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, it has won several awards in its various interests. One of the awards relates to its capacity as a knowledge enterprise in 2010. Another concerns excellence in learning. Finally, the firm has also won acclaim for being one of the best organizations to work for between 2005 to date (PWC Global 4). Stakeholders can view these awards as proof of the value the company places on its resources. Why the organization is a great place to work for PWC has consistently delivered in terms of a number of performance metri cs. One such alternative is its dedication to revenue growth. It is always looking for opportunities to expand revenue streams either in taxation or auditing services as well as in geographical expansion (Jones 206). The company has reliable profit margins that indicate it is doing something right. Since taxation and financial services adversely depend on an astute knowledge base, then firms must not compromise on technical excellence. PWC is aware of these competencies and delivers them with utmost dedication (White 92). The business also prioritizes client satisfaction as this is the central way of generating repeat business. With such an impressive focus on deliverables, workers can be assured of a reliable employer who hardly struggles with financial challenges. This guarantees them steady payment as well as job satisfaction. When workers work for PWC, they often have the advantage of enjoying favorable pay. Most managers earn approximately $98,000 dollars annually. Conversely, executive assistants, who have the commonest jobs, earn about $64,000. In addition to one’s salary, an employee is also entitled to several benefits, such as partial health coverage, access to fitness centers, job sharing, telecommuting as well as having a compressed workweek. This gives flexibility and capacity to enjoy work-life balance. PWC also hires 27% minorities in the US and 46% women (CNN money 4). They have nondiscrimination policies against marginalized groups and domestic partners for same sex couples may also enjoy these benefits within the US.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More 3 reasons that have led to the success of the company Diversification The company’s business model of diversified revenue streams has contributed to its success in the accounting and auditing industry. This organization offers assurance services, which account for a s ubstantial share of the service offerings. In this portfolio, the firm does surveys on customer satisfaction, business risk reviews and many other services in order to furnish managers with adequate information to make right business decisions (Mahreen et. al. 100). Additionally, the company engages in taxation service; this mostly entails advisory services, where a client can benefit from taxation planning, legal compliance with taxation laws and other taxation issues involved in business (Ready ratios 4). Finally, Pricewaterhousecoopers also engages in general advisory services like actuarial advisory, strategic analysis, business valuation, business recovery and corporate financing. In all these portfolios, the company may customize its product segments so as to suit local markets. For instance, one may find technology, communication, entertainment and information services as one segment in a certain country and no such service in another. There is strength in diversification of its businesses as this ensures that underperforming divisions can be supported by more reliable income streams. It is not uncommon for the organization to experience legal challenges; therefore, it helps to have a diversified portfolio. A case in point was a suit filed against PWC by Willie Nelson. The latter individual claimed that he was advised to use tax shelters by PWC but the company did not inform him when the Internal Revenue Service changed those regulations. As a consequence, Mr. Nelson owed the government millions in back taxes. PWC lost a lot of money in settling the suit. If the organization only relied on taxation services for survival, it is likely that it would be struggling to stay afloat owing to the legal challenges that the portfolio attracts (Copley Douthett 450). Furthermore, this ensures that the company can expand its consumer base and offer almost all related services under one roof. Valuing employees Aside from an intense diversification strategy, the orga nization also values its employees. It heavily invests in its human resources through leadership and training development. Employees always go through a rigorous training program upon entry into the institution. As they continue working for the firm, they still learn soft and technical skills needed to offer satisfactory services. The organization also assesses and reviews its training programs annually in order to ascertain that the skills taught reflect industry trends (PWC Indonesia 3). At higher levels of management, PWC also possesses a leadership development program. This ascertains that the firm always has a diverse talent pool from which to draw future leaders. Members of its leadership group often meet with leaders from different parts of the world to exchange ideas and strengthen their abilities. With such a strong workforce, the company promptly delivers on its promises.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on PricewaterhouseCoopers specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Owing to this immense investment in the company’s human resources, most workers understand what the organistaion stands for and why its clients bring business to PWC. They always try to incorporate their mission and vision into the workings of the firm. This enterprise communicates such values through training as well as leadership interactions with other employees. Another effect of investing in this group is consistent professionalism from employees. Since the company handles a lot of financials, it needs to have people that it can trust. Most PWC workers are renowned for their objectivity and integrity when handling various projects. Global presence The firm has a global presence and thus a wide client base. This organization boasts of approximately 771 offices around the world (You Sigma 2). While one may imagine that having such a vast international presence undermines the organization’s efficiency , this is not true for PWC. The firm has a code of conduct that it applies in all its branches. Therefore, clients have come to associate the brand with certain quality expectations. All workers must follow rules and regulations established by the company at the administrative level. In the United Kingdom, PWC possesses a parent firm that coordinates activities in other member firms. Furthermore, a global partner board exists in order to draw representation from the various members of the institution. It should be noted that the organization also believes in empowering member firms to run their own entities. Therefore, specific countries have the autonomy and power to curve their own paths. This means that they can customize their business operations to suit local conditions (Jere et. al. 491). On the other hand, their employees can still benefit from international competencies through a global mobility program. Besides, information exchange within the institution is quite rigorous. In order to ascertain that PWC is a global business with rich clients, one only has to look at its recent history. Russian clients such as Yukos have worked alongside PWC. Additionally, the organization has audited an international Indian firm called Global Trust Bank. It has also worked on certain projects such as water privatization in Delhi. This track record would have been difficult to maintain if the company was not located in different parts of the world. The organization takes the time to study its clients and their ability to bring value to the company. Those that have a good payment history, high growth potentials as well as high profitability are more likely to be retained than those that do not (Sinclair 15).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The global presence also assists the organization in achieving its objectives by comparing itself to other branches that are doing relatively well. A PWC member firm in Indonesia will often try to keep up with technology developments in the US and UK. As a result, it will raise the standards of service provision within its respective country. Furthermore new strategies that expand the organization’s reach in a certain region of the world will usually encourage some branches to do the same in a different part of the world (Gomez 34). Conclusion PWC’s major strengths are its global presence, the high value it places on its employees as well as its diversification strategy. The company enjoys global capabilities and skills, the advantages of having a committed workforce as well as protection from underperforming revenue streams. Its success proves that the organization’s strategy is a model for assurance and taxation firm. Works Cited CNN money. 100 best companies to work for. 2013. Web. https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/best-companies/2012/snapshots/48.html Copley, Paul Edward Douthett. â€Å"Are assurance services provided by auditors on initial public offerings influenced by market conditions?† Contemporary Accounting Research Summer 26.2(2009): 453-476. Print. Gomez, Andrea. Accounting for success: a history of Price Waterhouse in America 1890–1990. Harvard: Harvard Business School Press, 1998. Print. Jere Francis, R. Khurana, K. Inder, Martin Xiumin Raynolde Pereira. â€Å"The relative importance of firm incentives versus country factors in the demand for assurance services by private entities.† Contemporary Accounting Research Summer 28.2(2011): 487-516. Print. Jones, E. True and Fair: A History of Price Waterhouse. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1995. Print. Mahreen, Hasan, Steven Maijoor and Ann Vanstraelen. â€Å"The different types of assurance services and levels of assurance provided†. International J ournal of Auditing 9.2(2005): 91-102. Print. PWC Indonesia. Our core values. 2012. Web. PWC Global. PWC named Fortunes 110 best companies to work for. 19 Jan. 2012. Web. https://press.pwc.com/GLOBAL/pwc-named-to-fortunes-100-best-companies-to-work-for-list-for-eighth-consecutive-year/s/0aa07a89-9746-435d-a349-60959828bc13 Ready ratios. PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC). 2013. Web. https://www.readyratios.com/reference/audit/pricewaterhousecoopers_pwc.html Sinclair, Lara. â€Å"Logo puts case first and last†. The Australian 20 Sep. 2010: 15. Print. White, Anna. An Early History of Coopers Lybrand. London: Garland Publishing Inc., 1984. Print. You Sigma. Pricewaterhousecoopers SWOT analysis. 2012. Web. This research paper on PricewaterhouseCoopers was written and submitted by user Quinton Robbins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Saint Josephs University Admissions - What It Takes

Saint Josephs University Admissions - What It Takes Saint Josephs University in Philadelphia admits over 78  percent of the applicants. Students with good grades and a strong application are likely to be admitted. To learn about the school, including application requirements and deadlines, be sure to visit the schools website, or get in touch with the admissions office at Saint Josephs. SJU is test-optional, so applicants are not required to submit SAT or ACT scores. They will need to send in an application and high school transcripts, however. Calculate your chances of getting in with this free tool from Cappex. Admissions Data (2016) Saint Josephs University Acceptance Rate: 78  percentTest Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 520 / 610SAT Math: 530 / 620What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 23  / 28ACT English: 23  / 29ACT Math: 23  / 27What these ACT numbers meanGPA, SAT and ACT Graph for Saint Josephs: SJU is test-optional, but you can see data from Cappex on test scores. International students from non-English speaking countries must submit either a TOEFL or SAT/ACT language to show English proficiency.SAT comparison for Catholic collegesACT comparison for Catholic collegesAtlantic 10 Conference SAT score comparisonAtlantic 10 Conference ACT score comparison Saint Josephs University Description Located on a 103-acre campus in western Philadelphia and Montgomery Country, Saint Josephs University is a highly-regarded private Catholic University with a history dating back to 1851. The colleges strengths in the liberal arts and science earned it a chapter of  Phi Beta Kappa. Many of Saint Josephs most popular and distinguished programs, however, are in business fields. Undergraduates can choose from 75 academic programs. In athletics, the Saint Josephs Hawks compete in the NCAA Division I  Atlantic 10 Conference  as well as the Philadelphia Big 5 conference. Lacrosse competes in the  Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 8,415  (5,377  undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 45 percent male / 55 percent female87  percent full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $43,020Books: $825 (why so much?)Room and Board: $14,524Other Expenses: $1,205Total Cost: $59,574 Saint Josephs University Financial Aid (2015 -16) Percentage of Students Receiving Aid: 97  percentPercentage of Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 97 percentLoans: 60 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $22,407Loans: $10,017 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Business Administration, English, Finance, Health Services, Marketing, Psychology,  Special EducationWhat major is right for you?  Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Graduation and Retention Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 91  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 72 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 80  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports:  Lacrosse, Rowing, Cross Country, Track and Field, Basketball, Baseball, Golf, SoccerWomens Sports:  Field Hockey, Lacrosse, Soccer, Rowing, Basketball, Tennis, Track and Field, Cross Country If You Like Saint Josephs, You May Also Like These Schools Fordham University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphDrexel University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTemple University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Pittsburgh: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphArcadia University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBoston College: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphJames Madison University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphPennsylvania State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphSyracuse University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphFairfield University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Delaware: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

Climate Change and Increased Terrorist Threat Impact Costs of Managing Essay

Climate Change and Increased Terrorist Threat Impact Costs of Managing Disasters and The Economy - Essay Example This is because they will need collaborative and creative actions to deal with the increased terrorist activities. Both climate change and increased terrorist activities will have an impact on the cost of managing disasters, as well as the economy. This paper will talk about how the two factors will affect the economy. Owing to the increase in temperature along the coastal region, it is evident that the rising sea levels are affecting the economy. This is because the sea levels have brought about significant calamities that have caused governments to pour funds in to assist those who are affected. Such calamites are for instance Tsunamis and Hurricanes (FEMA, 2012). Also, climate change is affecting substantial water sources that are used by humans in their daily needs. Global warming causes the rise sea levels and this will obviously eat up on the economy as the government tries to rectify this matter. Human health is being affected in the sense that the rising temperatures are not conversant with the human temperature (Chandler, 2010). High temperatures bring about diseases such as cancer and hence funds are being diverted to medical treatment instead of improving the economy. Climate change has also brought about issues such as forest fire that require a lot of resources to stop (Earth Observat ory, 2011). This eventually eats up on the economy as expected. Climate changes have been worsened by the aging infrastructures, as well as the increasing urban populations, since these areas are normally industrious regions of a country (FEMA, 2012). These infrastructures’ and individuals’ actions bring about global warming mostly due to petrol burning. Individuals are also experiencing mass migration, severe diseases along with increased conflict as they escape areas of high climate. This affects the cost of disaster management and eventually the economy of a country (FEMA, 2012). With regards to terrorism, dispersion of scientific as well as

Personal Leadership Development Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Personal Leadership Development Plan - Essay Example The principles of appreciative coaching are differentiated herein: The Constructivist Principle focuses on the influence of social structures in significantly affecting the behavior of individuals in relation to others. The Positive Principle, as the term implies, centers on the positive aspects of an individual’s life through experiences that have been perceived to be constructive and optimistic in general. In addition, the Anticipatory Principle ventures on anticipated scenarios that become the basis for behavior and decision making processes. The Poetic Principle, on the other hand, creatively utilizes vivid illustrations and storytelling to solicit crucial information, not solely on the facts, but also in terms of emotional experiences. And finally, the Principle of Simultaneity focuses on the premise that â€Å"inquiry is change†¦ (and) intervention† and guidance is redirected to the first inquiry and its influence to effect change. Personal Assessment of Leadership Coaching Skills To increase one’s capacity to lead, coach, and develop others, one realized the need to familiarize oneself with the basic theoretical framework needed for leadership coaching. The objective is to be achieved through a research on secondary literatures on the crucial elements of coaching and leadership from a coaching perspective. As indicated by Peters & Austin (1985), â€Å"coaching is a form of leadership that pulls together people with diverse talents, backgrounds, experiences and interests, encourages them to step up to responsibility" and continued achievement, and treats them as full scale partners and contributors† (p. 232). Likewise, the authors emphasized that â€Å"coaching is not about memorising techniques or devising the perfect game plan. It is about really paying attention to people – really believing them, really caring about them, really involving them†

Is There a Soul Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is There a Soul - Assignment Example Firstly, other than the physical matter that differentiates one individual from the other or one living thing from the other, what exactly differentiates one individual from everyone else, or one living things from all the other living thins of the same species?   Secondly, what exactly feels the pain, sorrow, and sadness on the event of the loss of a loved one through death? The attempt to answer these two questions simply points to the existence of a distinct non-physical matter component of the living things that makes the living things distinct from the other members of their species, and which experiences the pain of loss through death (Bishop, 2000).  Further, if two individuals are born as identical twins and brought up in the same environment, observing the same behavior and mannerisms, there will still exist some aspects that make each of the two identical twins distinct from each other. Thus, the distinct non-physical and non-matter element of humans and other living th ings, which gives each individual living thing the â€Å"I-factor†, makes it unique from all the rest. This individual element of consciousness that makes an individual distinct from all the rest is essentially defined as the soul (Klemp, 2009). In this respect, the soul represents the irreducible element of consciousness, which makes it impossible for scientists to make any form of life in the laboratory by mixing any of the non-living matter. The simple fact that life stems from life and never from the non-living matter, is a clear demonstration of the fact that there is some aspect of the non-physical matter that holds the essence of life, which in itself is the soul.

Ghost Story

Ghost Story The time shows 12 midnight i am walking alone after attending my tuition class suddenly name and sudddenly i heard someone calling my name and I turned towards the voice.The beat of my lungs became more fast as fast as my mind think who is calling my name. I walked straightly to the main road because there was the only place that has the road light. The dark make my sense become terrible and unluckily I was forgetting to bring my handphone.Actually this is my first day attending my tuition day because my family was newcomer of this village,Kampung Kubur Shariff.Just for a few days.There were none of my friends stay around my house and it make me went and back on my own.I had never been down this road before and I hope my step was right. My walks become faster and it took about 15 minutes to arrive at the main road. The road ran along towards the main road was full of bushes and it ended in a clump of trees and a dead end on its right while the left is to main road.There was also an orchard between of the road before the main road.No light and there were fenced. As I approached at the half of road near the orchard fence, I saw a small shed at the end of the orchard near the main entrance of orchard wondered who lived there.Then,I heard someone is calling my name again â€Å"nor†¦nor..†.The hisky voice make my nody become so cold and I told myself not to be fright and walk as fast as I can.But my step became more slower as I saw the main road became more far as usual.Because i, I did not venture further to have a look at the front of the house, but turned and walked. Suddenly, about 10 metres in front of me I saw there was a woman with a bicycle.†Thanks to God as He send me a help†, I said to myself. It make me so shaky. I walk toward him. â€Å"Hi†,I said to the lady.†Hi,can you help me.My tyre is shrinking†,she replied. I said to him I cannot help him as I did not have any tools to repair it.She invited me to join him to walk together to the main road as she said that her home was in Taman Merah.Fortunately,I was stay at Taman Merah too.So,now I have a friends to accompany me. She introduced himself as Siti. We talked about this village and I said I heard somenone is calling my name when I walk in front of the orhard. She said she was having the same situation too last week. Along our walks,she storied about a murder in that village.I am not too fright to hear that story because she was with me. In addition,we were already arrived at the main road. Just there were only the lady and me along the road.It took 20 minutes to arrive my home She told that last year, there was a murder happened related to the daughter of orchard behind my tuition center. She is called Maisara and was very pretty and engaged to a local farmer,Kamil. But there was a villager,Ahmad who some say had mental issue and always disturbed Maisara. One day,maisara scolded him and told him not too disturbed her again.Then next few days,with the bad plan,Ahmad decided to meet Maisara.If he could not love Maisara,no one could. So,as usual,Maisara went to her orchard but for this week,he will be accompanied by her fiancà ©e because her dad was not very well.Her mom was died when she wass eighteen due to accident, By chance,Ahmad saw Maisara and her fiancà ©e was having their lunch at the small shed in the orhard. Ahmad run towards Kamil and he came in from behind and stabbed Kamil in the back with a knife. Then he went off to Maisara while she was sitting near a well to wash her hand. Ahmad pulled out his knife again and stabbed her through the neck and he ripped her body and took out her heart and hangs it in the tree. Both dead bodies lied in the orchard. After covered in blood, Ahmad went home and took a nap. He was supposedly awoken by the sound of dripping. He looked around his room and it was covered in blood. In the middle of the room Maisara stood cursing at him. David had gone insane after that case. Then after Siti stop that story, she stopped her step as her bicycle stopped too. I walked in front of her. Next, I saw him turned back and turned in front of me again. My face became pale and I thought none of blood running into my nerve when I saw she showed her hand full with blood. I stared to her face and she smile and then i shocked when I saw her pretty face became ugly. I screamed and then I started to run and I never turned behind until I arrived my home. I knocked the door and my mom appeared. I was hugging her and then I saw a blank view and then I do not know anything after that. I woke up and I looked around.My mom and dad were looked at me.I wondered why they lookedat me like that. Then,I asked my mom where am i.She told that I was faint last night and my face became pale. They were so worried about me. I told everything that happened last night. They said maybe I am just too fright when I walked alone and I am too imagined but I denied about it. The next day, I asked one of my friend that who had lived there for twenty years, who lived in the orchard shed near the main entrance. But the murder was realy happened in that village. He said there was no shed in the orchard and never had been as long as he had lived there, only bunches fruit trees and bushes. Later that day, we walked down the road together and sure enough, there was no house, only a clump of trees at the end of the fence. This is the first experience I have ever had and still cannot explain it, but I know what I saw, and was not under the influence of any stimulant at the time nor was I halluc inating. It remains a mystery to me to this day, even though I have moved far away.

The Unexplained Romance Between Life and Death Essay -- Eliot Wastelan

The Unexplained Romance Between Life and Death Humans have always been fascinated with the unexplained, life and death being two of the most popular. Much of the culture of the United States, as well as the cultures of other countries, is devoted to these two themes. Television shows, books, poems and even movies have fueled our romance. In T.S. Eliot’s most famous poem The Wasteland, he says, "I will show you fear in a handful of dust" (l. 30). Our romance with death does not just include the finality of the process, but also the realization of our need to improve our lives, because we finally realize just how precious they are. It is often said "you don’t know what you’ve got ‘til it’s gone." In his book No Past, No Present, No Future, Yulisa Amadu Maddy tells of the life and times of three boys, and how they learn this to be true. Early on in his life, each boy has an incident with death, and raises his own questions about each. Joe Bengoh loses his parents, Santige loses his father, and Ade faces the death of a girl named Mary. Their questions come from the hurt of not knowing what is to happen in their future. Each boy has something to struggle with during these deaths, and must learn how to overcome their difficulties. Santige wonders about the legacy of his father, Joe about his mistakes with Mary, and Ade is cold to the whole situation. Joe wants to die when Mary dies, because he feels responsible for everything, including Santige and Ade. However responsible each boy feels, they find something new to live for, and rebuild the tatters of their broken past lives. Be it for good or bad, each decides to go their own separate way and make a new life in England. Joe finds he can excel in school and even finds a... ...ww.c-span.org/campaign2000/bushspeech.asp. Brooks, David. Bobos in Paradise : The New Upper Class and How They Got There. New York: Simon, 2000. Eliot, T.S. The Waste Land, Prufrock and Other Poems. New York: Dover, 1998. Gore, Albert Jr., Concession Speech. C-Span.Org: Public Affairs on the Web. 13 Dec. 2000: 24 Jan. 2001. http://www.c-span.org/campaign2000/gorespeech.asp. Jin, Ha. Waiting. New York: Vintage, 2000. Maddy, Yulisa Amadu. No Past No Present No Future. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann- Reed, 1996.. Sparks, Nicholas. The Notebook. Warner Books Inc. new york. 1996 Tanksley, Charlie. Speech on the Proposed New Flag. Ajc.com. 30 Jan. 2001. < http://www.accessatlanta.com/partners/ajc/flag/tankspeech.html>. Taylor, Mark. Remarks on the New Flag. Ajc.com. 30 Jan. 2001. http://www.accessatlanta.com/partners/ajc/flag/taylor0130.html The Unexplained Romance Between Life and Death Essay -- Eliot Wastelan The Unexplained Romance Between Life and Death Humans have always been fascinated with the unexplained, life and death being two of the most popular. Much of the culture of the United States, as well as the cultures of other countries, is devoted to these two themes. Television shows, books, poems and even movies have fueled our romance. In T.S. Eliot’s most famous poem The Wasteland, he says, "I will show you fear in a handful of dust" (l. 30). Our romance with death does not just include the finality of the process, but also the realization of our need to improve our lives, because we finally realize just how precious they are. It is often said "you don’t know what you’ve got ‘til it’s gone." In his book No Past, No Present, No Future, Yulisa Amadu Maddy tells of the life and times of three boys, and how they learn this to be true. Early on in his life, each boy has an incident with death, and raises his own questions about each. Joe Bengoh loses his parents, Santige loses his father, and Ade faces the death of a girl named Mary. Their questions come from the hurt of not knowing what is to happen in their future. Each boy has something to struggle with during these deaths, and must learn how to overcome their difficulties. Santige wonders about the legacy of his father, Joe about his mistakes with Mary, and Ade is cold to the whole situation. Joe wants to die when Mary dies, because he feels responsible for everything, including Santige and Ade. However responsible each boy feels, they find something new to live for, and rebuild the tatters of their broken past lives. Be it for good or bad, each decides to go their own separate way and make a new life in England. Joe finds he can excel in school and even finds a... ...ww.c-span.org/campaign2000/bushspeech.asp. Brooks, David. Bobos in Paradise : The New Upper Class and How They Got There. New York: Simon, 2000. Eliot, T.S. The Waste Land, Prufrock and Other Poems. New York: Dover, 1998. Gore, Albert Jr., Concession Speech. C-Span.Org: Public Affairs on the Web. 13 Dec. 2000: 24 Jan. 2001. http://www.c-span.org/campaign2000/gorespeech.asp. Jin, Ha. Waiting. New York: Vintage, 2000. Maddy, Yulisa Amadu. No Past No Present No Future. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann- Reed, 1996.. Sparks, Nicholas. The Notebook. Warner Books Inc. new york. 1996 Tanksley, Charlie. Speech on the Proposed New Flag. Ajc.com. 30 Jan. 2001. < http://www.accessatlanta.com/partners/ajc/flag/tankspeech.html>. Taylor, Mark. Remarks on the New Flag. Ajc.com. 30 Jan. 2001. http://www.accessatlanta.com/partners/ajc/flag/taylor0130.html

Criminal Law and Procedure Assignment Essay

1) At the Trial of Scissors Lee, the prosecution would like to produce to the court the caution statements of Scissors Lee as evidence of his confession. Can you write out a list of your objections you will raise with the court to the production of the caution statement at the trial? Ans:  Upon the production of the caution statement of Scissors Lee, I would like to raise some objections in term of its arresting procedure, reliability and voluntariness. Arresting Procedure: PC34567 should have cautioned Scissors Lee at the football ground According to the Rules and Direction for the Questioning of Suspects and the Taking of Statements issued by the Secretary for Security in 1992, when PC34567 has evidence that Scissors Lee might have committed an offence, he must caution Scissor Lee before putting him into further questions. In the caution statement, DPC13579 first quoted the conversation between Scissors Lee and PC34567 to induce Scissor Lee to have a consensus in the fact described in that conversation, however that conversation record was not obtained under caution and therefore it should not be mentioned in questioning Scissors Lee. Therefore, the caution statement is not obtained in a proper procedure and should be inadmissible. Arresting Procedure: DPC13579 did not tell Scissors Lee his rights fully under arrest After Scissors Lee was brought to the police station, he was not told by the police that he should have the chance to contact his family or get a lawyer. In that circumstance, Scissors Lee may be put in a situation of helpless and unassisted. Besides, DPC13579 told Scissors Lee that he could only go if he had given him a statement, therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee may be induced to cooperate to work out the caution statement. If he was told that he may get a lawyer to represent him, he should have stayed silence during the interview of DPC13579. Reliability: The caution statement is recorded in English The interview should be conducted in the mother tongue of Scissors Lee, that seems not to be English but Cantonese, upon the conversation between Lee and PC34567 to avoid any ambiguity and misunderstanding. Scissors Lee is only a Form 4 student at a secondary school and do not do well in academic. Therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee has the proficiency in English that he understood all the statements made by DPC13579 and stated concisely in his speaking about the whole story of the event. Voluntariness: The length of the time of the interview is too long The duration of the interview is 2 hours. It may be a factor that sapping the free will of Scissors Lee in signing the cautioned statement. When the interview time is lengthened, Scissors Lee was anxious to go home, and there is a reasonable possibility that Scissors Lee just signed the cautioned statement for letting DPC13579 to release him to go home, therefore the cautioned statement may not be made voluntarily and thus should be inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was in hunger but was rejected to take snack Throughout the interview, Scissors Lee was not given any refreshment. The interview was held at the time of having dinner (2000-2200), as he was quite hungry during the interview, he asked DPC13579 for some snack, however DPC13579 ignored him. In such circumstances, it is reasonable to object that the voluntariness of Scissors Lee to sign the cautioned statement was greatly affected by hunger and ignorance of DPC13579, thus the cautioned statement should be inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was deceived in signing the cautioned statement DPC13579 showed the cautioned statement to Scissors Lee, and simply asked him to sign on it without explaining the content. Scissors Lee thought the cautioned statement was a paper stating his right after his arrest and signed on it without full acknowledgement. There is a reasonable possibility that Scissors Lee was deceived into signing the cautioned statement and therefore, he was not voluntary in admitting hitting Ah Ho, therefore the cautioned statement should be void and thus inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was afraid of prejudice in admitting the offence Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that he was the only one arrested by the police and he must admit hitting Ah Ho otherwise the police would be very angry and come to his school to see him every day. Scissors Lee was afraid that if he did not admit the offence, the police would really come to see him every day which will obviously cause unexpected harassment to him. Therefore, the cautioned statement is clearly involuntary as it has been obtained by â€Å"a fear of prejudice†. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was promised in admitting the offence Scissors Lee was told by DPC13579 that hitting is a common assault and he would get away with a fine. Since Scissors Lee thought that he already has a criminal conviction of bound-over and so that one more common assault would not further taint his character. DPC13579 had made an offer of release from police custody and therefore, it is obvious that Scissors Lee signed the cautioned statement in the hope of release, thus that statement is inadmissible. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee was unsuitable for confession upon his emotional status Throughout the interview, Scissors Lee was scared and anxious to go home. Under this mental condition, he was easily affected by external factors, such as the persuasion or threat by DPC13579, impatient to go home; therefore, it appears a reasonable doubt that he admitted the offence in absolute voluntary. As a result, the cautioned statement should not be admissible as it is not fair to demand Scissors Lee to make a comprehensive decision in the interview. Voluntariness: Scissors Lee may be affected by alcohol On the day in question, before PC34567 brought him back to police station, Scissors Lee was forced to drink whisky. It was hard to determine that whether the decision of Scissors Lee was affected by the alcohol. Therefore, there is a reasonable doubt that Scissors Lee signed the cautioned statement in an unconscious status, thus the cautioned statement may not be made in voluntary and so inadmissible. 2) Supposed Scissors Lee would plead guilty at his trial, can you advise him what mitigating factors you should address the court on his behalf? Ans:  After having a detailed analysis in Scissors Lee’s background and the circumstance of the offence, I may address the court some mitigating factors upon the facts of this case and of his background. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was scared of offending Mr. Big Mr. Big was an older boy who started to offer Scissors Lee drinks and snacks and treated him to bar after the match. He taught Scissors Lee how to drink and everybody in the football ground treated Mr. Big like their leader. In this case, Scissors Lee’s offence was instigated by Mr. Big. Mr. Big told Scissors Lee to be at the football ground at 3.30 pm so that he would like Scissors Lee to â€Å"teach Ah Ho a lesson.† Mr. Big continued to threaten Scissors Lee that if he did not come, Mr. Big would treat him naughty and teach him a real nasty lesson. Scissors Lee committed the offence only in fear of Mr. Big but not intentional. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was not the prime mover In this case, Mr. Big was throughout the only prime mover of the offence. Scissors Lee was only in control of Mr. Big because of fear of Mr. Big. He played a less important role than his accomplices in this offence and therefore he should be held less guilty. Without the threat by Mr. Big, there appears no evidence that Scissors Lee would commit the offence and cause any harm to Ah Ho, therefore, Scissors Lee was only a puppet of Mr. Big for his offence to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee attempted to stop others hitting Ah Ho When Ah Egg, Zero, Ah Kin were hitting Ah Ho, Scissors Lee went up and shouted to them to stop. His attempt to stop others hitting Ah Ho shows that, at first, he had no intention of hitting Ah Ho. Scissors Lee only pushed Ah Ho once after Mr. Big yelled at him, the purpose of his offence was only to make a false appearance to Mr. Big that he was hitting Ah Ho but not intended to cause bodily damage to Ah Ho. In such circumstances, his offence was relatively unsubstantial when compared to his accomplices. Case Fact: Scissors Lee was affected by alcohol which was forced to drink by Mr. Big Scissors Lee never like drinking wine. But before the offence, Scissors Lee was forced by Mr. Big to drink a lot of whisky. His offence may be affected by alcohol. Therefore, in such unconscious status, Scissors Lee was partly involuntary to commit the offence. There was no evidence that Scissors Lee will commit similar offence in the future. Case Fact: The injury of Ah Ho was not too serious Ah Ho was sent to the hospital for medical treatment, from his medical report, he was discharged with no complication from his wound and he would be expected to recover fully within two weeks. Although Scissors Lee and his accomplices did damage to Ah Ho, there was no evidence that the offence of Scissors Lee was causing any substantial damage and left any unrecoverable wound to Ah Ho. The offence committed by Scissors Lee was relatively light and it can be seen that the intention of Scissors Lee was not to cause serious harm to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee did not attempt to approach Ah Ho after the offence Scissors Lee has not tried to harass Ah Ho after the event and he stays a distance from Ah Ho, even if they are still in the same class. Scissors had shown genuine remorse for his offence and regret to what he had done to Ah Ho. Base on these circumstances, Scissors Lee is less likely to recommit any offence to Ah Ho. Case Fact: Scissors Lee pleaded guilty in sincere manner and cooperated with the police Scissors Lee was regret for his offence to Ah Ho, and he pleaded guilty in sincere manner. Throughout the arrest, Scissors Lee cooperated with the police and told the fact without any concealment. From the above evidence, we can see that Scissors Lee has the intention to repent and reform, he is less likely to commit any similar offence in the future. Therefore, the court should sentence him in high discretion. Background: Scissors Lee has good relationship with people surrounded From the background report of Scissors Lee, he came to Hong Kong 10 years ago to reunite with his father. However, his father since divorced his mother 8 years ago and left them. Scissors Lee is although come from a complicated family background his relationship with his mother is good. At school, he always has good relationship with school friends, class teacher and the principal. Scissors Lee has good personality and there is no substantial risk of reoffending. Background: Scissors Lee is a person of responsibility Scissors Lee is an active participator at school and he always help the school in important events like open-day, parents-day and whenever Justices of Peace come to visit them. It shows that Scissors Lee has a good character and a good work record at the school. Besides, Scissors Lee is also the sports captain of his school. He is responsible for organizing sport events and taking care of other schoolmates during sport events. All of his achievements at school show that, he is a person of responsibility and therefore he chose to bear the consequence of his offence. Background: Scissors Lee has a clear direction of future career Scissors Lee planned to be a footballer, a dancer or an artist after he has finished Form 5. He has a realistic prospect of career and therefore is outstanding from others of the same age. It shows that he is a mature and thoughtful youngster and therefore the criminal conviction of this minor offence would be a stain in his personality which may substantially affect his career and life in future already. Background: Scissors Lee was not really familiar with the prime mover Mr. Big Scissors Lee was not really familiar with the prime mover Mr. Big and his accomplices, Zero, Ah Kin and Egg. They are only met at the football ground and play football together. After this event, Scissors Lee is much likely to aloof from those people and he will no longer be influenced by these bad friends. Background: Although he was in bind-over, that offence was not relevant to this case Although Scissors Lee has a criminal conviction of fighting in public place on 5 Jan 2009 and he is under bound-over in $1000 for 12 months to be of good behavior and refrain from acts of violence. However, that offence was obviously provoked by the victims and it is not relevant to this case as in this case, Scissors Lee was in threat of Mr. Big. Therefore, the court should not impose any relationship from this record to the present case. Proposed Sentence Since Scissors Lee’s mother who earns only about $8,000 a month is the only financial support in his family, and the maintenance from his divorced father is always received on an irregular basis, to impose a fine may not be suitable as it may cause financial problem to his family. Therefore, a community service order should be imposed as Scissors Lee (1) is one with a light criminal record, (2) has a stable home background and good relationship with his mother, (3) has a good record in school important events, (4) has a realistic prospect of being a footballer, a dancer or an artist, (5) has shown genuine remorse upon his confession and (6) has no more than a slight risk of re-offending upon his background and facts in this case.

The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Management Methods

The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Management Methods Introduction In our daily lives, most people are diagnosed with some form of psychiatric disorder such as schizophrenia and other forms of anxiety disorders. Moreover, in connection to the nature-nurture issue, a number of psychiatric disorders are either inherited from parents or are developed due to a complex interplay of environmental factors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Management Methods specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They can also be due the combination of both factors. It is important to note that each psychiatric disorder differs in management methods, which eventually is beneficial in ascertaining appropriate means of treatment. Schizophrenia Schizophrenia refers to a malfunction of the brain that has affected the lives of many people throughout history (Andreasen, 1994). However, the infrequent and unusual brain disorder has not been given the right approach and sev eral of its victims have suffered in silence. The genes and the environment have been attributed to be one of the causal factors for this condition. It is approximated that about one percent of the entire population suffers from schizophrenia and it runs in most families. The disease is present in about ten percent of those who have afflicted first-degree relatives and those with afflicted second-degree relatives are also at increased risk. According to Tsuang, Faraone, and Johnson, the probability is highest in the case of identical twins, which is at about forty to sixty-five percent (1997). Researchers postulate that the condition is developed due to interaction of several genes, which possibly are able to disrupt the normal functioning of various parts the brain. The ailment makes the lateral ventricles to increase in size and impinges on the normal functions of the frontal regions of the brain. The temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdale, sections of the limbic system, as well as sections of the Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG) are mainly reduced in volume due to this disorder. In addition, the prefrontal cortex, which serves as a memory center, is also intensively affected. Medical experts have also postulated that the condition is due to abnormalities in brain chemistry and structure. This is directly related to the differences in the complex and interrelated chemical reactions in the brain, which involve a number of neurotransmitters (substances that allow easier communication between the brain cells).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dopamine and Dopamine receptors have been identified in this respect and the treatment for managing this disorder is mainly targeted to interact with dopamine receptors. NMDA, GAGA and the cholinergic system have also been associated to this medical condition. As described above, there are marked disparities between bra ins of healthy individuals and those of afflicted individuals. Moreover, those afflicted have limited amount of grey matter, limited or increased biological activity is some parts of the brain, and lack of conformity of the brain tissue. Scientific investigations have also revealed significant transformations in the distribution or attributes of the brain cells that may have happened before birth. A number of scientists have proved that problems encountered during the time of brain development before delivery may lead to improper connections. The effects of these are more evident during puberty because major changes occur in the development of the brain during this period. These have the ability of activating psychotic symptoms. The symptoms associated to schizophrenia are majorly grouped into positive symptoms, negative symptoms, and cognitive symptoms. Positive symptoms relate to the experiences of immensely abnormal behavior that is not seen in healthy individuals. According to H irsch and Weinberger, they include hallucinations where the sick people see, hear, smell, or have feelings not seen in healthy people, delusions where the afflicted have false beliefs that are not component of their culture, and movement disorders that are seen as agitated body movements (2003, p.5). Negative symptoms, which include lack of pleasure in daily activities and abnormal speech problems, can prove to very elusive at the early stages since they are similar to depression or other conditions. Cognitive symptoms, which include impairment of executive functioning, complexities in paying attention, and complexities with working memory, may further make the life of the victim to be more difficult. The appropriate drug therapy for schizophrenia mainly needs a combination of antipsychotic, antidepressant, and anti-anxiety drug treatment, which focus on reducing the symptoms of the disorder. As much as proper treatment is advocated, however, most people usually desist from taking t he medication prescribed for the sickness. This is more evident when resumption of normal health is delayed and when the side effects of the drugs are more pronounced.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Psychiatric Disorders and Their Management Methods specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More That is why medical experts usually advise their patients to start by taking a cheaper and more proficient drug such as clozapine. Antipsychotic medication is used to help the afflicted recover the normal biochemical balance and lower the possibility of a relapse in the future. A number of patients of schizophrenia usually respond well to appropriate drug therapy and are able of living comfortable lives once again. Generally, schizophrenia is an intricate ailment, which deteriorates the normal functioning of the brain, life experiences and behavioral patterns of those afflicted. The brain serves the function of responding to stimuli and modulating them accordingly, but victims of this condition lack the ability of modulating the different mechanisms of the brain. Studies have shown that the various processes in this ailment do not take place on a single basis, but rather the condition is multi factorial. In as much as many extensive studies have revealed a lot of information about the disease, more elaborate investigations should be done to better understand the genetic differences that contribute to this disorder. This is because the ones that are known increase the risk of developing the condition only by a small level. Drug abuse case Possibly, Ron has been defeated to stop abusing alcohol because he has failed to acknowledge an underlying psychological problem. His fruitless attempts to deny, cope with or hide this fact have finally led him to this unfortunate addiction. Ron may have been trying to subdue effects of loneliness, guilt, or self-reproach in his life. He has been addicted for the reason that th e alcohol has been constantly stimulating his brain pleasure rewarding pathway (PRP). Dopamine neurotransmitters play a vital role in the activities of PRP. In a general, alcohol stimulates PRP, which then instantaneously boosts the level of dopamine in the brain and results in the production of a euphoric effect to the victim. These happenings eventually wire the brain. Consequently, the person will constantly aspire to achieve the dopamine highness, and so addiction follows. The reason why people abuse alcohol has been addressed in relation to the nature-nurture issue. One school of thought suggests that nature (hereditary factors) whereas another suggests that nurture (environmental factors) cause the condition. Recent scientific investigations have pointed out that there is a possibility of parents passing the genes of alcoholism to their children. The type of lifestyle an individual lives is also a significant factor. This relates to the type of friends the individual hangs aro und with, the degree of stress in his or her life, and the availability of alcohol within the vicinity (Clinic, 2008). The addiction of Ron that is a worry to his wife is presently incurable, but appropriate medication can be administered to cure it.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To stop his perennial drinking habits, a combination of counseling and medication programs can be introduces so as to help him rebuild his life. Oral medications, for example, disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamparosate have been successfully employed to reduce alcoholism. Even though the treatment of alcoholism is practical, there are varied levels of success depending on the individual involved. Some previous addicts desist from taking alcohol and remain sober, whereas others experience periodic sessions of sobriety with bouts of relapse. Others also experience withdrawal symptoms such as sporadic shakiness, nausea, and sweating on ceasing from excessive consumption of alcohol. Nonetheless, the longer the individual desists from taking alcohol, the better the recuperation process becomes. Anxiety case Tom is suffering from a condition called Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This refers to a situation whereby a person becomes too much worried and anxious about the daily life events without any concrete reasons (Barlow, 2004). The experience of anxiety disorder has been associated to some specific parts of the brain. In a healthy individual, the thought process runs in such a way that he or she is able to observe a situation and process information without hindrance. This then determines whether anxiety is needed to â€Å"kick in† in order to trigger an appropriate responsive action. In the case of Tom, this process is necessitated by events that really do not require such â€Å"flight or fight† responsive action (Hauser, 2005). Although the exact cause of this tendency has not been fully comprehended, genetics (nature) and environmental factors (nurture) have been associated with GAD. Some studies have indicated that the susceptibility of developing GAD may be tied to the history of the family. Distressing and stressful factors, for instance, mistreatment, loss of a loved one, separation of parents, loss of employment, dropping out of school, ma y trigger development of anxiety disorder. The abuse and stopping the taking of addictive drugs may also aggravate the effects of the disorder (Pakhare, 2007). Perhaps, Tom’s wife can help him by giving him appropriate medication to treat his condition. This program can help him in normalizing his life. His wife can consider giving him benzodiazepines for short-term treatment as this would leave him feeling calm and relaxed by lowering the physical symptoms of the condition. For long-term treatment, he may be given antidepressants to lighten his moods. The use of cognitive-behavioral therapy is able to help him eliminate his distorted thinking by making him have a more realistic look at different difficult situations. Depending on the specific drug and the person using them, anti-anxiety drugs may bring some side effects such as sleepiness, weight gain, and sexual problems. Conclusion It is essential to understand that the people, who are suffering from psychiatric disorders, for example, Ron and Tom, are normal human beings. The only disparity is that the individuals are afflicted by a medical condition that impairs their normal cognitive functions and behavior. Although the conditions are incurable, they can be treated effectively by using appropriate medication. The agony of the afflicted can be lessened by seeking for ways of alleviating their suffering. References Andreasen, N. C. (1994). Schizophrenia: From mind to molecule. Washington: American psychiatric press. Barlow, D. H. (2004). Anxiety and its disorders: the nature and treatment of anxiety and panic. New York: Guilford Press. Clinic, M. (2008, May 8). Alcoholism causes. MayoClinic.com. Web. Hauser, J. (2005, February 2). Anxiety: Generalized anxiety disorder. Psych Central. Web. Hirsch, S., Weinberger, D. (2003). Schizophrenia (2nd ed.). Malden: Blackwell Publishing Company. Pakhare, J. (2007, December 5). Types of Mental Illness: List of Mental Disorders. Buzzle.com. Web. Tsuang, M.T., F araone, S. V., Johnson, P.D. (1997). Schizophrenia: the facts. New York: Oxford University Press.